Using the label element for form accessibility

I’ve always been a fan of the <label> element. It’s an incredibly simple way to make a form more accessible. It does two things:

• It explicitly associates text with a form element, so a screenreader doesn’t have to guess what text goes with what form element.
• For checkboxes/radio buttons, it gives the user a larger click area, which is useful for people with limited vision (or me, since I always end up missing them!)

You can find a number of simple usage examples on the W3C’s WCAG Techniques page for labels.

I recently discovered something new about the <label> element (new to me). I hadn’t realized that you can associate multiple labels to one form element. This is useful because it allows you to associate even more information with a form element. With it, I could write something like this:

<label for="box">1. </label>

<input type="checkbox" id="box"/>

<label for="box">This is some text with a 

<abbr title="full title name">shrt. title</abbr> other stuff inside.</label>

This isn’t the most useful example, but I think it demonstrates the general idea. [Note: normally, I wouldn’t write out an explicit number, I would use an unordered list. But without major support for CSS counters, I find myself between a rock and a hard place.] My optimism was quickly quashed though, because, as Roger Johansson mentions, screenreaders tend to ignore two labels. I will have to do some of my own testing to find out more, but I find this very disappointing.

Another interesting application is to include labels for screenreaders, while using CSS to hide them from visual users. Just make your label a block element, give it a 0 width (to remove the width it would have taken in the document flow), and move it off-screen. You cannot simply display: none the label, as that usually hides it from screenreaders. I would like to look further into the end result using current technology (hoping for improved results since 2004), but I certainly believe this leaves no excuse for anyone NOT including labels in their forms.

Back to using one label again, I ran into a Firefox Bug where a link is included in a label element. When a link is clicked inside a label element that is associated with a checkbox, the checkbox becomes checked! Hit the back button, and the item will still be checked, with the visual check the only evidence anything happened. You can see how this would not be friendly to a screenreader (not to mention visual users!) IE and Opera both behave without checking the box. If you have a moment, please vote for this bug and help me get it fixed.

Big release day on the webbernet

So I guess it’s simply the time of year. Many big releases today… software, APIs, and more!

First, the biggest. IE8 has been released in initial beta. The release was also included a general overview of IE8’s new features and fixes. It’s actually quite a lot of information to absorb all at once. I’ve skimmed a number of the IE8 whitepapers, and feel the biggest changes are W3C’s WIA-ARIA support, Acid2 compliance, the javascript selectors api, and their assertion of achieving CSS 2.1 compliance. Of course, the devil is in the details, and there is no company for which that statement is more true. They have a lot of work ahead, and we know they talk a good game. The big upside, however, is that they are actually talking about it. Out in the open. Big step, and I applaud them for that.

The other biggest buzz of the day was from Yahoo, in announcing the beta of their Fire Eagle service, an API for broadcasting your physical location to the web. I wouldn’t call it earth-shattering, but I think that there’s a good chance a number of cool things are built with it. Watch the video of it’s introduction, and then take a look here to quickly get an idea of the details. It would appear from the details that it was written in a highly usable way.

Of more direct importance to me, Google has announced their Contacts API. I despise when sites ask me to enter my username/password for other sites. The most offensive request is for Gmail. I don’t have any interesting emails, let me tell you… but I certainly don’t want to let others read them. The Contacts API is a safe way for distribution and use of your Gmail contacts, without threatening the security of your Gmail account or your other Google-stored information. With this, I should be able to sync my Gmail contacts with my desktop mail contacts. I’m very happy about that.

Heading up the long-since-overdue category, AOL has announced they’ve opened their Instant Messenger Protocol, OpenAIM. Finally. I remember ages ago when… well, it’s all in the past now. That’s one big wall that has been broken down between protocols, and hopefully Yahoo and Microsoft will fall in line. It will be great if other apps can finally use the features that have been limited to the AIM client for all this time. I use Adium and Pidgin most of the time (Adium, I believe uses Pidgin’s core), and look forward to seeing what they do with the new open protocol. (On a personal note, hopefully this doesn’t spell any negative news for my friends who work on AIM.)

Pushing Browsers

So I have been working on a small piece of navigation at work. Tabs, to be exact. Multiple items, but no more than 5 at a time. Variable length titles (including some rather long). As it is a list of links, of course, I wanted to use an unordered list. It all made perfect semantic sense. Just spit out the list, add some CSS for the tab look, and done.

However, there were requirements for its behavior. The tabs were not allowed to wrap around to the next line. They also could not just drift off the right side of the page. Everything had to be shown. And it was alright for the individual tabs to wrap and grow taller. Basically, I was told the nav had to act like a table, just not in so many words.

Because I am likely more standards-driven than most doing similar work, I wanted to stick with the list. Doesn’t make any sense to have non-tabular data in a table, I thought. Within a few minutes, I had found a semi-solution. W3C recommends the display attribute having a “table-cell” property, which was just what I was looking for. Threw it in my code, hit reload in Firefox, and wham, there it was. Needed a slight bit of tweaking, but it was working for the most part. Then I alt-tab’bed over to IE7….

Nothing.

Low and behold, Microsoft hasn’t added that to IE. Of course not. Why would they? It’s only been in the recommendation since… you know, May 1998. At least! (I don’t have the heart to look any further back).

I am not “new” as my sister would say… I know how it is. I hadn’t expected it to be there, but the more work I had to do on an alternate table-based solution, the more it annoyed me. I keep hearing more and more about the CSS3 recommendation, adding more elements to HTML 5, and all of these other grand documents, which all currently amount to little-to-nothing. Maybe I am missing the point, but if 1998 is going to be ignored, why should 2008 be any different?

I am going to keep this rant short, the rant wasn’t really the point. The greater point is that was enough of a call-to-action for me. That’s what it took to realize I should start looking into what I can do about giving certain browsers a push in the right direction. They seem to be lost.

Minor design update

So I tweaked the CSS and arrived at this. I kinda like it. It reminds me of a pair of eighties boating shorts, not quite sure why. It isn’t the most pleasing design, but that is intentional. Clean wasn’t the goal, I was aiming for something more… me. Well, enough me as CSS can produce. (I think I just said I’m like CSS boating shorts…weird) I’m a strong believer that all comps should be done in Photoshop, where you have a freedom that CSS doesn’t allow. Then you take the comp and cut it up using good CSS and HTML. I didn’t do any of that. This was just a tweak, and a tweak on a whim at that.

Anyway, I will try to start a more formal “design” soon, but not likely before I start moving.